<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestvfu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета имени М. К. Аммосова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2222-5404</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25587/2222-5404-2025-22-1-37-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestvfu-568</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Воздействие быстрого джоулева нагрева   на свойства углеродных пленок,  сформированных осаждением в плазме метана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of fast Joule heating on the properties of carbon  films formed by methane plasma deposition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8163-2012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неустроев</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neustroev</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Неустроев Ефим Петрович – к. ф.-м. н., доцент кафедры радиофизики и электронных систем ФТИ</p><p>г. Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Efim P.  Neustroev – Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor, Department of  Radiophysics and Electronic Systems</p><p> Yakutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neustr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2212-2485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопьев</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopiev</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокопьев Айсен Русланович – к. т. н., с. н. с. лаборатории «Дизайн-центр электроники «Север»</p><p>г. Якутск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aisen R. Prokopiev – Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of the  Electronics Design Center “Sever”</p><p> Yakutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aisenprokopiev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М.К. Аммосова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Неустроев Е.П., Прокопьев А.Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Неустроев Е.П., Прокопьев А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Neustroev E.P., Prokopiev A.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestvfu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/568">https://vestvfu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/568</self-uri><abstract><p>Быстрый джоулев нагрев аморфных углеродных пленок, сформированных осаждением в плазме метана, производился электрическим разрядом батареи конденсаторов общей емкостью 180 мФ, заряженных до напряжения от 100 до 300 В. Для исследований привлечены методы спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния света, сканирующей электронной микроскопии, рентгеновской энергодисперсионной спектроскопии и вольт-амперных характеристик. В спектрах комбинационного рассеяния света образцов после джоулева нагрева отчетливо проявляются G-, 2D- и D-пики, характерные для графеновых структур с sp2-гибридизированными связями. Анализ спектров показал, что  отношение интенсивностей 2D- и G-пиков и D- и G-пиков свидетельствует о высоком  качестве формируемых чешуек плоских структур турбостратного графена. Наиболее эффективным, с точки зрения формирования однослойных графенов, оказался джоулев, проведенный в результате протекания через углеродную пленку тока разряда конденсаторов, заряженных до напряжения U=160 В. Методами электронной микроскопии установлено, что быстрый термический нагрев при электрическом разряде приводит к значительной трансформации состояния атомарно-гладкой поверхности аморфной углеродной пленки. В результате на поверхности образуются сферические частицы размерами около 1 мкм, которые имеют зернистую структуру с размерами зерен около 100 нм. С другой стороны, сферические частицы собираются в агломерации размерами до нескольких единиц микрометров. Элементный анализ, проведенный методом энергодисперсионной спектроскопии, помимо углерода, показал высокое содержание кислорода в сферических частицах. Наиболее вероятной причиной данного явления может являться поглощение кислорода сформированными графеновыми чешуйками. Исследования смачиваемости поверхности образцов до и после джоулева нагрева  показали повышение гидрофобности. Причиной возникновения водоотталкивающих свойств может являться «эффект лотоса», вызванный формированием сферических  частиц размерами до 1 мкм и их более крупных конгломератов на поверхности пленки. Обнаружено кардинальное уменьшение электрического сопротивления исходной  аморфной пленки от значений, соответствующих изолятору (R &gt; 1 ТОм), до единиц кОм  на квадрат поверхности. Увеличение электропроводности объясняется переходом  углерода из аморфного состояния в электропроводящую графеноподобную структуру.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fast Joule heating of amorphous carbon films formed by deposition in methane plasma was performed by electric discharge of a capacitor bank with a total capacity of 180 mF charged to a voltage of 100 to 300 V. The methods of Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy and current-voltage characteristics were used for the  study. The Raman spectra of the samples after fast Joule heating clearly show G-, 2D- and  D-peaks characteristic of graphene structures with sp2-hybridized bonds. Analysis of the  spectra showed that the intensity ratio of the 2D- and G-peaks and the D- and G-peaks  indicates a high quality of the formed flakes of turbostratic graphene structures. The most  effective, in terms of the formation of single-layer graphenes, was fast Joule heating, carried  out as a result of the discharge current of capacitors charged to a voltage of U = 160 V.  Electron microscopy methods have established that fast thermal heating during electric  discharge leads to a significant transformation of the state of the atomically smooth surface of the amorphous carbon film. As a result, spherical particles of about 1 μm in size are formed on the surface, which have a granular structure with grain sizes of about 100 nm. On the other hand, spherical particles are collected in agglomerations of up to several micrometers in size. Elemental analysis carried out by energy-dispersive spectroscopy, in addition to carbon,  showed a high oxygen content in spherical particles. The most likely cause of this phenomenon  may be the absorption of oxygen by the formed graphene flakes. Studies of the wettability  of the surface of the samples before and after Joule heating showed an increase in  hydrophobicity. The reason for the emergence of water-repellent properties may be the  “lotus effect” caused by the formation of spherical particles up to 1 μm in size and their larger conglomerates on the film surface. A radical decrease in the electrical resistance of the  original amorphous film from values corresponding to an insulator (R&gt; 1 TΩ) to units of kΩ  per square of surface was found. The increase in electrical conductivity is explained by the transition of carbon from an amorphous state to an electrically conductive graphene-like structure.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плазма метана</kwd><kwd>осаждение углерода</kwd><kwd>углеродная аморфная пленка</kwd><kwd>быстрый джоулев нагрев</kwd><kwd>графеноподобная структура</kwd><kwd>электронная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>морфология поверхности</kwd><kwd>рамановский спектр</kwd><kwd>гидрофобная поверхность</kwd><kwd>электропроводность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>methane plasma</kwd><kwd>carbon deposition</kwd><kwd>carbon amorphous film</kwd><kwd>fast Joule heating</kwd><kwd>graphene-like structure</kwd><kwd>electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>surface morphology</kwd><kwd>Raman spectrum</kwd><kwd>hydrophobicity</kwd><kwd>electrical conductivity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках гранта Российского научного фонда   (проект №24-22-20087)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was carried out with support from the Russian Science Foundation   (Project No. 24-22-20087)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aslan N. Structural, photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties of graphene–amorphous carbon nanocomposite. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 2021;32(12):16927-16936.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aslan N. Structural, photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties of graphene–amorphous carbon nanocomposite. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 2021;32(12):16927-16936 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wyss KM, Luong DX, Tour JM. Large-scale syntheses of 2D materials: flash joule heating and other methods. Advanced materials. 2022;34(8):2106970.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wyss KM, Luong DX, Tour JM. Large-scale syntheses of 2D materials: flash joule heating  and other methods. Advanced materials. 2022;34(8):2106970 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Luong DX, Bets KV, Stanford MG, et al. Gram-scale bottom-up flash graphene synthesis. Nature. 2020;577(7792):647-651.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luong DX, Bets KV, Stanford MG, et al. Gram-scale bottom-up flash graphene synthesis. Nature. 2020;577(7792):647-651 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Advincula PA, Luong DX, Chen W, et al. Flash graphene from rubber waste. Carbon. 2021;178: 649-656.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Advincula PA, Luong DX, Chen W, et al. Flash graphene from rubber waste. Carbon. 2021;178: 649-656 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choi CHW, Shin J, Eddy L, et al. Flash-within-flash synthesis of gram-scale solid-state materials. Nature Chemistry. 2024;16(11):1831-1837.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Choi CHW, Shin J, Eddy L, et al. Flash-within-flash synthesis of gram-scale solid-state materials. Nature Chemistry. 2024;16(11):1831-1837 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deng B, Eddy L, Wyss KM, et al. Flash Joule heating for synthesis, upcycling and remediation. Nature Reviews Clean Technology. 2025;1(1):32-54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deng B, Eddy L, Wyss KM, et al. Flash Joule heating for synthesis, upcycling and remediation. Nature Reviews Clean Technology. 2025;1(1):32-54 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бобенко Н.Г., Чумаков Ю.А., Белослудцева А.А. Особенности адсорбции фтора и водорода на поверхности турбостратного графена. Химическая физика и мезоскопия. 2022;24(1):69-81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bobenko NG, Chumakov YuA, Belosludtseva AA. Features of adsorption of fluorine  and hydrogen on the surface of turbostrate graphene. Chemical physics and mesoscopy. 2022;24(1):69-81 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun Z, Hu YuH. Ultrafast, low-cost, and mass production of high-quality graphene. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2020;59(24):9232-9234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun Z, Hu YuH. Ultrafast, low-cost, and mass production of high-quality graphene. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2020;59(24):9232-9234 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu X, Luo H. Preparation of Coal-Based Graphene by Flash Joule Heating. ACS omega. 2024;9(2):2657-2663.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu X, Luo H. Preparation of Coal-Based Graphene by Flash Joule Heating. ACS omega. 2024;9(2):2657-2663 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stanford MG, Bets KV, Luong DX, et al. Flash graphene morphologies. ACS nano. 2020;14(10):13691-13699.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stanford MG, Bets KV, Luong DX, et al. Flash graphene morphologies. ACS nano. 2020;14(10):13691-13699 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen W, Li JT, Wang Zhe, et al. Ultrafast and Controllable Phase Evolution by Flash Joule Heating. ACS Nano. 2021;15(7):11158-11167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen W, Li JT, Wang Zhe, et al. Ultrafast and Controllable Phase Evolution by Flash Joule Heating. ACS Nano. 2021;15(7):11158-11167 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прокопьев А.Р., Васильева Е.Д., Лоскин Н.Н., Попов Д.Н. Получение быстрым джоулевым нагревом углеродных графенсодержащих порошков и их применение в качестве модификаторов для стекловолокна. Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики. 2024;29(4):651-660.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prokopev AR, Vasilieva ED, Loskin NN, Popov DN. Production of graphene-containing carbon powders via fast Joule heating for fiberglass modification Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources. 2024;29(4):651-660 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim T, Lee J, Lee KH. Full graphitization of amorphous carbon by microwave heating. RSC advances. 2016;6(29):24667-24674.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim T, Lee J, Lee KH. Full graphitization of amorphous carbon by microwave heating.  RSC advances. 2016;6(29):24667-24674 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferrari AC, Robertson J. Resonant Raman spectroscopy of disordered, amorphous, and diamondlike carbon. Physical Review B. 2001;64(7):075414.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferrari AC, Robertson J. Resonant Raman spectroscopy of disordered, amorphous, and diamondlike carbon. Physical Review B. 2001;64(7):075414 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Casiraghi С, Ferrari AC, Robertson J. Raman spectroscopy of hydrogenated amorphous carbons. Physical Review B. 2005;72(8):085401.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Casiraghi С, Ferrari AC, Robertson J. Raman spectroscopy of hydrogenated amorphous carbons. Physical Review B. 2005;72(8):085401 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu JB, Lin ML, Cong X, et al. Raman spectroscopy of graphene-based materials and its applications in related devices. Chemical Society Reviews. 2018;47(5):1822-1873.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu JB, Lin ML, Cong X, et al. Raman spectroscopy of graphene-based materials and its applications in related devices. Chemical Society Reviews. 2018;47(5):1822-1873 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beams R, Cançado LG, Novotny L. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 2015;27(8):083002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beams R, Cançado LG, Novotny L. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 2015;27(8):083002 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neustroev EP, Prokopiev AR, Popov VI, et al. Optical properties of thin films formed by carbon deposition in methane plasma and subsequent annealing. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2021;2328(1):050017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neustroev EP, Prokopiev AR, Popov VI, et al. Optical properties of thin films formed by carbon deposition in methane plasma and subsequent annealing. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2021;2328(1):050017 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Ch, Liang F, Zhang W, et al. Constructing mechanochemical durable and self-healing superhydrophobic surfaces. ACS omega. 2020;5(2):986-994.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Ch, Liang F, Zhang W, et al. Constructing mechanochemical durable and self-healing superhydrophobic surfaces. ACS omega. 2020;5(2):986-994 (in English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
