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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestvfu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета имени М. К. Аммосова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2222-5404</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25587/2222-5404-2025-22-3-48-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestvfu-643</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Квант магнитного потока, обусловленный спином электрона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Quantum of magnetic flux due to electron spin</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-0387</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попов Игорь Павлович – к. т. н., доц. каф. теоретической, экспериментальной физики и компьютерных методов физики.</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor P. Popov – Cand. Sci. (Technology), Associate Professor, Department of Theoretical, Experimental Physics and Computer Methods of Physics, Kurgan State University.</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uralakademia@kurganstalmost.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Курганский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kurgan State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попов И.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попов И.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popov I.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestvfu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/643">https://vestvfu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/643</self-uri><abstract><p>В 1948 г. Ф. Лондон вычислил квант магнитного потока от электрического тока, созданного одним электроном. Ключевым условием вычисления явилось приписывание электрону кванта кинетического момента ћ. В 1956 г. Л. Купер описал двухчастичные системы коррелированных электронов (куперовские пары), возникающие в проводниках вследствие электрон-фононного взаимодействия. Приписывание двухчастичной системе кванта кинетического момента ћ приводит к уменьшению вычисляемого значения кванта магнитного потока вдвое. В 1961 г. Б. С. Дивер и У. М. Фэрбэнк и независимо Р. Долл и М. Небауэр измерили квант магнитного потока. Результат оказался вдвое меньше кванта Ф. Лондона. С тех пор считается, что квант магнитного потока создается исключительно куперовскими парами и что он вдвое меньше кванта Ф. Лондона. Цель исследования заключается в переосмыслении указанных обстоятельств. Геометрическая форма электрона неизвестна. Однако считается, что это не шар и не сфера. Это следует из формулы его классического радиуса. Полная неопределенность формы электрона позволяет непротиворечиво представить его спин в виде момента импульса, образованного материальной точкой с массой электрона, обращающейся по окружности неопределенного радиуса (сколь угодно малого, причем его величина значения не имеет). Этот подход может иметь недостатки, но он имеет и существенное достоинство в виде возможности использовать готовую формулу для магнитного потока, созданного «током» одного электрона. В действительности существуют квант Ф. Лондона, квант магнитного потока, обусловленный спином электрона, и их суперпозиция (квазиквант).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In 1948, F. London calculated the quantum of magnetic flux from an electric current created by a single electron. The key condition for the calculation was ascribing a quantum of kinetic momentum ћ to the electron. In 1956, L. Cooper described two-particle systems of correlated electrons (Cooper pairs) arising in conductors as a result of electron-phonon interaction. Assigning a quantum of kinetic momentum ћ to a two-particle system leads to a twofold decrease in the calculated value of the magnetic flux quantum. In 1961, B.S. Deaver and W.M. Fairbank and independently R. Doll and M. Nebauer measured the quantum of magnetic flux. The result turned out to be half as much as F. London’s quantum. Since then, it has been believed that the quantum of magnetic flux is created exclusively by Cooper pairs and that it is half as much as F. London’s quantum. The aim of the study is to rethink the above circumstances. The geometric shape of an electron is unknown. However, it is believed that it is neither a ball nor a sphere. This follows from the formula of its classical radius. The complete uncertainty of the electron's shape allows its spin to be consistently represented as an angular momentum generated by a material point with the mass of an electron, rotating along a circle of an indefinite radius (arbitrarily small, and its value is of no importance). This approach may have shortcomings, but it also has a significant advantage in the form of the possibility of using a ready formula for the magnetic flux created by the “current” of one electron. In reality, there is the quantum of F. London, the quantum of magnetic flux caused by the electron spin, and their superposition (quasi-quantum).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электрон</kwd><kwd>куперовская пара</kwd><kwd>квант кинетического момента</kwd><kwd>квант магнитного потока</kwd><kwd>квант Ф. Лондона</kwd><kwd>спин</kwd><kwd>суперпозиция</kwd><kwd>квазиквант</kwd><kwd>фонон</kwd><kwd>ферромагнетик</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electron</kwd><kwd>Cooper pair</kwd><kwd>quantum of kinetic momentum</kwd><kwd>quantum of magnetic flux</kwd><kwd>quantum of F. London</kwd><kwd>spin</kwd><kwd>superposition</kwd><kwd>quasi-quantum</kwd><kwd>phonon</kwd><kwd>ferromagnet</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seeger RL, Forestier G, Gladii O, et al. Penetration depth of Сooper pairs in the IrMn antiferromagnet. Physical Review B. 2021;104:054413. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.104.054413</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seeger RL, Forestier G, Gladii O, et al. Penetration depth of Сooper pairs in the IrMn antiferromagnet. Physical Review B. 2021;104:054413 (in English). 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