Improvement of Operational Properties of Construction Materials

To date, the main construction materials have been concrete, brick, timber, steel. Improvement of their operational properties is a priority of modern scientific research. It becomes highly relevant to improve durability and qualities of construction materials used in construction of massive items, work on beddings, foundations, hydraulic structures, etc. Existing materials behave differently in different climatic zones, especially in cold climate zones. Of particular importance are these issues for seismically unstable territories, as well as for the climatic zones of the Far North, where low temperatures in winter and sharp annual temperature fluctuations with an amplitude of 105 degrees are observed. Frequent transitions through 0 degrees during the day during the autumn and spring periods, increased solar radiation due to transparency of the atmosphere, high humidity in Arctic climate zones have a negative impact on the strength properties of structural materials. The use of polymer impregnation for coating of concrete and wooden structures is one of effective methods for production of structural materials with high operational characteristics, with minimal economic costs [1-3]. These impregnations can be used not only in new construction, but also for the restoration of degraded products and structures. The paper presents the trials of modifications of M200 heavy concrete, light concrete based on locally sourced raw materials of Yakutia and local polymer impregnated lumber “Amokor”; as a result of the experiment data on improvement of strength characteristics of analysed materials has been obtained. Accelerated climatic tests of M200 heavy concrete were carried out, as well as mechanical tests for compression and bending, along with fractional analysis of concrete to study the structure of the materials before and after modification. It has been shown that modification of M200 concrete causes a decrease in porosity, partial dissolution of brittle components, which has led to an increase in strength properties. For light concrete, studies were carried out on the effect of cement percentage on the strength of modified and unmodified samples. It was found that the strength of the modified samples has reached the maximum at 6.5% cement ratio. Same modification of lumber leads to a general increase in its strength.

concrete, timber, durability, composite, compression, moisture, additive, microscope, bending, modification, adhesion

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