Catalytic Clearing of GAS Emissions from CO2

The processes of combustion of hydrocarbon systems in the engines of vehicles and furnaces lead to a sharp increase in CO₂ in the atmosphere. Combustion of oil, gas and coal is accompanied by the release of up to 5 billion tons in the year of carbon dioxide. With decreasing a forest area we can see increase in the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere (from 0.03 to 0.041%). Therefore, the problem of cleaning off gases from carbon dioxide is one of the most actual problems today. The disadvantages of the currently existing methods of utilization of carbon dioxide are insufficiently high degree of purification of waste gases, high operating costs in their implementation, as well as the possibility of their implementation only at high concentrations of pollutants in the off-gases. The aim of the study is to determine the optimal parameters for the catalytic purification of waste gases from carbon dioxide in solutions of trifluoroacetic acid. The stated task is achieved by the described method of flue gas cleaning, including pumping the gas flow through a container filled with 5.0-10.0 M aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid saturated with oxygen, separating the formed by-products, recycling the latter, recovering the spent solution of trifluoroacetic acid by saturation with oxygen and recirculation of the regenerated solution for pumping. The absorption capacities of solutions of trifluoroacetic acid were studied as a function of solution concentrations and pH values. The absorption of carbon dioxide in solutions of trifluoroacetic acid was investigated at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. TFA was preliminarily distilled (boiling temperature 72.4 °C) and purity was monitored by UV spectroscopy. Unreacted CO₂ at the outlet from the system was absorbed in the removable traps by NaOH solution, the pH of which was continuously monitored with a glass electrode. The amount of hydrogen carbonate and sodium carbonate formed by the interaction of CO₂ with NaOH solution was determined by potentiometric titration. The amount of CO₂ reacted was calculated from the titration results during the passage of the off-gas through the trap. It has been shown that flue gas cleaning from carbon dioxide using solutions of trifluoroacetic acid as a catalyst is carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure with an efficiency of 100%.

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