Eco-coenotic and resource characteristics of the habitats of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. (Rosaceae) in the Kirov region

Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) (Rosaceae) is a valuable medicinal, food plant, a fodder object for many wild animals. The species has a significant resource potential and is distinguished by high raw material reserves in many regions of Russia. The purpose of this study is to provide eco-coenotic and resource characteristics of the habitats of Filipendula ulmaria within the subzone of the southern taiga in the Kirov region. The study of phytocenoses with the participation of F. ulmaria was held during the 2019-2022 field seasons, on the territory of 3 administrative districts of the Kirov region. When performing geobotanical descriptions, the complete floral composition of communities was revealed, the projective coverage of each species and the general projective coverage were determined. Ecological parameters of plant communities were determined using phyto-indicative ecological scales of G. Ellenberg. The resource studies used generally accepted recommendations, terminology and methods for determining the production characteristics of herbaceous plants. According to the results of the survey, three groups of F. ulmaria habitat types were identified, belonging to floodplain wet meadows (I ecotype), deforestation in place of wet forests (II ecotype) and moist small-leaved forests (III ecotype). In the ecological-cenotic spectra of the studied communities, 7 ecological-cenotic groups were identified. The majority of the studied phytocenoses with F. ulmaria (I, II ecotype) are characterized by the predominance of representatives of the meadow and meadow-fringe group (from 56,0 to 64,8% of the total number of species), the boreal group only in forest habitats (III ecotype) (53,8%). The spectrum of life forms is dominated by herbaceous polycarpics (57,5-85,0%). The presence of trees in the flora of meadows indicates the possible beginning of restoration successions - the formation of forests on the site of meadows. It was found that the strongest influence of environmental factors on the distribution of the species is exerted by soil acidity (90%) and soil moisture (10%), which determine 100% of the total variability. The highest indicators of the specific raw phytomass of F. ulmaria are observed in the conditions of meadow communities.

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