Ecosystem of the byuk stromatolites in the vendian period

In the Vendian (650–541 Ma), the modern territory of Siberia, located close to the paleoequator, was a separate continent. The warm seas on the Siberian platform were favorable for the development of microorganisms, with their remains preserved in fossilized forms in carbonate sediments. In 1972, columnar stromatolites in the Porokhtakh formation (Vendian, Olyokma river) of the northwestern slope of the Aldan anteclise were named "Jurusaniatuructachica". Their presence has also been established in the Byuk formation of the Vendian in the south of the Berezovsky trough. What was the ecosystem of this stromatolite at the time of its formation? This issue is the subject of the article, based on the previously described methodology and results. Stromatolites were formed in the shallow waters of the epicontinental sea. They were formed by coccoid cyanobacteria and lamellar green algae, whose rock-forming vital activity laid the foundation in the form of stratified stromatolites. Similar to modern algae, Vendian forms supposedly released organics such as carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, phenols and enzymes into the aquatic environment. In addition to algae, cyanobacteria also formed starches. The ecosystem of stratified stromatolites abundant in organic matter attracted aquatic unicellular yeast fungi that fed on ready-made organics and parasitized algae thalli. Yeast reproduced by spore formation, division and budding. Cells (individuals) grew through the bulging of the coating and outgrowths formation. By comparison with modern yeasts, the Byuk forms, evidently, reproduced and grew very quickly within a favorable paleoecosystem. Thus began the growth of columnar stromatolites ("Jurusaniatuructachica"). In the ecosystem under discussion, due to the changing nature of the tides, the yeast-mycelial fungi Sakhi solomonovi first appeared, and then the mycelial fungi Surninia implicate. This is how initially aquatic fungi gradually adapted to terrestrial conditions. It is known that there are a great number of fungi on the Earth and they are very diverse, as their formation began no later than 500 million years ago.

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