Analysis of the peculiarities of aspectual forms in Nikolai Gogol's poem "Dead Souls" through the prism of their translated analogues

This article is devoted to the peculiarities of the verbal description in terms of semantics and pragmatics aspects. It is also devoted to the comprehension of the possibility of reflecting the Russian verbal semantic subtleties in an isolating language such as Vietnamese. The research is aimed at revealing the semantic potential of verb forms and the peculiarities of their functioning in Gogol's poem "Dead Souls". The comparative analysis is used to reveal the specific features of Russian language. Тhe relevance of the work is related to the prospect of revealing through the Vietnamesse language such specific semantic features of imperfective and perfective verbs, which are not quite obvious within the framework of "monographic" (intralinguistic) analysis. The material was the original of “Dead Souls” – the famous work by Nikolai Gogol, and its translated version (1633 examples and the same number of Vietnamese equivalents were extracted). Scientific methods including generalisation, comparison, classification of the material were applied in the work. The text-forming functions of aspectual forms have been analysed. The specific features of the author's manner in "Dead Souls" such as the attitude to generalisation, which is most vividly embodied in descriptions and lyrical digressions, have been revealed. Some regularities of using the linguistic means allowing the translator to convey the subtle semantic shades of the Russian verb form in Vietnamese, have been established. The translator's "achievements and losses" are revealed and comprehended. The comparative analysis of aspectual meanings in the Russian narrative text and its equivalents in the Vietnamese translated version allowed us to determine that contextual environment plays a greater role for the realisation of specific aspectual meanings of imperfective verbs in comparation with perfective verb. Therefore, in the original text, the former are more often used in "strong" contexts containing means of external syntax, which act as actualisers of the aspectual characteristics of the verb action; the latter - in "weak" contexts, which do not have such elements. This functional feature plays an essential role for choosing the way of translating the aspectual semantics of perfective and imperfective verb into Vietnamese.

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