Neologisms in the modern Buryat language: methods of formation and ways of introduction

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of neology. The appearance of neologisms in the language is caused by the need to give names to new objects, phenomena, states, etc. appearing in life. In this regard, the main means of replenishing and developing the vocabulary of the Buryat literary language is the use of outdated vocabulary with one or another new meaning, borrowings, as well as the appearance of native neologisms of the Buryat language from their own word-formation resources. In an ever-changing world, some words become passive, and different approaches of word formation are used to denote new concepts in the modern Buryat language. Most often, neologisms are actively introduced into the modern Buryat language through mass media: periodicals, radio, television, messengers, Internet channels. New words and calcified translations of Russian neoplasms often appear in newspaper publications. The appeal to them is often due to the need to name a concept that does not yet have an official name or adequate terminological parallels have not yet been developed in the Buryat language. In such cases, occasional neoplasms are usually used, the meaning of which is easily understood by the reader. Often, new words are returned from the fund of outdated vocabulary. In the process of introducing new words into the active vocabulary of the language, some of them are very quickly gaining popularity, while others are rarely used or do not take root at all, and some turn into historicisms, being in the passive fund of the language, others remain only occasional or dialectisms. Neologisms are formed in a suffixal, semantic way and through word composition. The latter also includes the paired use of words, which is one of the most active and characteristic ways of word formation for the Mongolian languages. Linguistic neologisms eventually become the property of interstitial or special vocabulary, and are fixed by dictionaries. As ordinary words, linguistic neologisms are reproduced in speech with meanings assigned to them.

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