Quantum of magnetic flux due to electron spin

In 1948, F. London calculated the quantum of magnetic flux from an electric current created by a single electron. The key condition for the calculation was ascribing a quantum of kinetic momentum ћ to the electron. In 1956, L. Cooper described two-particle systems of correlated electrons (Cooper pairs) arising in conductors as a result of electron-phonon interaction. Assigning a quantum of kinetic momentum ћ to a two-particle system leads to a twofold decrease in the calculated value of the magnetic flux quantum. In 1961, B.S. Deaver and W.M. Fairbank and independently R. Doll and M. Nebauer measured the quantum of magnetic flux. The result turned out to be half as much as F. London’s quantum. Since then, it has been believed that the quantum of magnetic flux is created exclusively by Cooper pairs and that it is half as much as F. London’s quantum. The aim of the study is to rethink the above circumstances. The geometric shape of an electron is unknown. However, it is believed that it is neither a ball nor a sphere. This follows from the formula of its classical radius. The complete uncertainty of the electron's shape allows its spin to be consistently represented as an angular momentum generated by a material point with the mass of an electron, rotating along a circle of an indefinite radius (arbitrarily small, and its value is of no importance). This approach may have shortcomings, but it also has a significant advantage in the form of the possibility of using a ready formula for the magnetic flux created by the “current” of one electron. In reality, there is the quantum of F. London, the quantum of magnetic flux caused by the electron spin, and their superposition (quasi-quantum).

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