The National Image of the World in the Khakass Literature of the 1920-1930s

The article is devoted to revealing the specifics of the national image of the Khakass world in the works of the authors of 1920-1930s. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that in modern philological science the comprehension of the artistic and general cultural value of literary texts of the Soviet period is being continued to examine. Our study will reveal and describe the foundations of the national image of the world of the Khakass people and how it is presented in the literature works. Revealing the specifics of the national image of the world in literature allows us to reveal their enduring artistic and value qualities, the value meanings contained in them, to see the significance of the prototypes, and, therefore, to form a more complete picture of the spiritual culture of the people. The specifics of the reflection of the national image of the world in the works of Khakass writers 1920-1930s is not studied. This determines the novelty of the work, it has first examined the relationship of spatio-temporal images and motives characteristic of the Khakass literature. We take into consideration the fact that traditional representations of people associated with the image of the world or model of the world are preserved in the works of literature as well as in folklore. In order to identify the specifics of the image of the world in the works of individual writers, we have highlighted repeated images, motives in the texts of stories, short stories and poems of the beginning of the XX-th century. The Khakass literature of the Soviet period, like other literature that has received an impact for development in a new written form in 1920-1930s, is often criticized by researchers for their ideological character, political nature and low artistic level. At the same time, in the works of literary scholars of the last century of P. A. Troyakov, K. F. Antoshin, M. A. Ungvitskaya, A. G. Kyzlasova, as well as in recent studies of V. A. Karamasheva, N. N. Taskarakova, N. S. Maynagasheva, L. V. Cheltygmasheva, it was noted that Khakass literature continues the artistic traditions of native folklore, and folklore is its most important characteristic. There is no doubt that reflecting the current events of those years (the establishment of Soviet power, collectivization, civil war), the first Khakass writers relied on the poetics of native folklore, and at the same time they reproduced the national image of the world in their works, i.e. people’s traditional ideas about an objectively existing world. The purpose of this article is to identify the features of the reflection of the national image of the world in the work of Khakass writers: P. T. Shtygashev (1886-1943), V. A. Kobyakov (1906-1937), A. M. Topanov (1903-1959), A. I. Kuzugashev (1905-1938), M. S. Kokov (1914-1941). The article solves the problem of revealing the features of art space and time in the work of these authors.

Khakass literature, folklore, national image of the world, space, time, P. T. Shtygashev, V. A. Kobyakov, A. M. Topanov, A. I. Kuzugashev, M. S. Kokov

1. Гачев Г. Д. О национальных картинах мира / Г. Д. Гачев // Народы Азии и Африки. - 1967. - №1. - С. 77-92.

2. Гачев Г. Д. Национальные образы мира: Космо-Психо-Логос / Г. Д. Гачев. - М., 1995. - 479 c.

3. Кофман А. Ф. Латиноамериканский художественный образ мира. - М.: Наследие, 1997. - 320 с.

4. Ходукина Т. И. Национальный образ мира в поэзии Пушкина. - М., 1999. - 49 с.

5. Шешунова С. В. Национальный образ мира в русской литературе: П. И. Мельников-Печерский, И. С. Шмелев, А. И. Солженицын: дисс. … д. филол. н.: 10.01.01. Светлана Всеволодовна Шешунова. - Дубна, 2006. - 368 с.

6. Смыковская Т. Е. Национальный образ мира в прозе В. И. Белова. - М.: Изд-во «Флинта», изд-во «Наука», 2010. - 89 с.

7. Бахтин М. М. Формы времени и хронотопа в романе. Очерки по исторической поэтике // М. Бахтин. Вопросы литературы и эстетики. - М.: Художественная литература, 1975. - С. 234-407.

8. Ильин И. А. О сущности правосознания // Собрание сочинений в 10 т. - Т.4. - М.: Русская книга, 1994. - 619 с.

9. Султанов К. К. Национальное самосознание и ценностные ориентации литературы. - М.: ИМЛИ РАН, «Наследие», 2001. - 196 с.

10. Кобяков В. А., Топанов А. М., Коков М. С., Кузугашев А. И. Хызыл чазы. Чоохтар, стихтар, пьесалар. (Красная степь. Повести, рассказы, стихи, пьесы на хакасском языке). - Абакан, 1982. - 277 с.

11. Веселовский А. Н. Историческая поэтика. - М.: «Высшая школа», 1989 // www. rusbuk. com.ua/russian_classic/veselovskiy_an/is_istorii_epiteta/3392

12. Хакас поэзиязының антологиязы. - Абакан, 1960. - 163 с.