Yakut vocabulary of medical plants with “ot” component: structural and semantic characteristic

The vocabulary of the plant world contains a huge search for historical information, closely interconnected with thinking, ethnography and ethnomentality of the Turkic people, the main craft of which since ancient times is traditional medicine and herbal medicine. In this regard, the study of plant nominations in the Yakut language is one of the most interesting vocabulary layers, distinguished by antiquity, diversity and originality of lexical units. Moreover, the study of the vocabulary of the flora of the Yakut language will improve the existing results and open new directions in the study of the lexical fund of the Yakut language. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the study of the names of medicinal plants in the Yakut language is conducted for the first time. The purpose of the study is to analyze two-element Yakut polylexemean names of pharmacofitonyms with the “ot” component denoting medicinal plants: “yarrow”, “wormwood”, “ivan-tea”, “veronica”, “mountaineer / knot-grass ”, “gentian”, “St. John's wort”, “thyroid odorous”, “stinking basilist” in the aspect of lexical-semantic features and principles of the word-formation system. The article deals with the issues of the methods and principles of the formation of polylexemean names of medicinal plants with the “ot” component growing on the territory of Yakutia. Attention is paid to the study of lexico-semantic features of the Yakut pharmacofitonyms nominations. The results of linguistic analysis are presented, which are compared with the methods of using medicinal plants with herbal extracts and herbalists and collected during expeditionary work. Particular attention is paid to the definition of universal models of education nominations of pharmacophytonyms in the Yakut language and identifying some methods of the word-formation system of lexical units denoting names of medicinal plants based on the appearance and form of any of the parts, designating a characteristic place of growth, identifying a functional trait and determining the affiliation of a medicinal plant . The authors use a set of methods and techniques for analyzing linguistic material: the method of semantic classification, lexical and semantic analysis, linguoculturological analysis, descriptive method of the biological characteristics of plants. Universal models of the formation of nominations of medicinal plants in the Yakut language are proposed, which may possibly reveal a regional peculiarity.

names of medicinal plants, principles of formation of nominations, semantic meaning, lexical unit, pharmacophitonymy nominations, two-element bases, “ot” component, poly-lexeme naming, flora of the plant world, vegetation of Yakutia, wildlife vocabulary

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