The Criteria for Distinguishing the Meanings of Polysemic Phraseological Units of the Yakut Language

The relevance of the topic of this article is determined by the lack of study of polysemy of phraseological units in Turkology and the Yakut language. The purpose of this study is to describe the phenomenon of polysemy of phraseological units in line with one of the key issues in the study of the semantic structure of polysemic phraseological units - the criteria for distinguishing the meanings of polysemic phraseological units of the Yakut language. The research material used in this study was polysemous phraseological units extracted by the method of continuous sampling from the “Yakut-Russian phraseological dictionary” (2 volumes). Clarification of values is carried out on the basis of the published volumes of the “Big Explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language” (15 volumes), “Phraseological dictionary of the Yakut language”. It is noted that in the Yakut language polysemy of phraseological units is less developed than lexical polysemy, which is explained by the complexity of the semantic structure of phraseological units as signs of secondary development. The criteria of differentiation in the semantic structure of phraseological units of its individual values was identified using the theoretical positions of phraseologists-Russian. The method of identification of the actual material, the analysis of dictionary definitions, comparison, component and contextual analysis allowed to determine three groups of criteria of differentiation of polysemantic phraseological units - conceptual, syntagmatic and paradigmatic. One of the factors determining the separateness of the values of multivalued phraseological units is the conceptual relatedness. The complexity of the explication of this criterion is noted. To apply the distinction of syntagmatic compatibility of the idiom; the distinction of the syntactic functions. As part of the paradigmatic criteria morphological (different management phraseological units syntactically dependent on her words; the use of one of the values of phraseological units only in negative form, correlated with different parts of speech); lexic-semantic (limited synonymy, that is synonymy, extending not to all values of phraseology, but only one of them); stylistic criteria, i. e. different stylistic coloring of phraseological units in each of the meanings, activity/passivity of the use of one of the meanings of phraseology. In the future, we will compare and describe the link of polysemy of words and polysemics of the Yakut language.

Yakut language, phraseology, phraseological unit, polysemy, semantic structure of a phraseological unit, delimitation of meanings, conceptual, syntagmatic and paradigmatic, stylistic criteria

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