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Сrops of Perennial Grasses on Alases of Lena-Amga River Border and their Influence on the Number of Gray Voles

https://doi.org/10.25587/SVFU.2020.76.61516

Abstract

The study results in the number changes of gray voles in the thermokarst alases with crops of long-term grasses and in the alases with natural vegetation located in the North - Eastern part of the Leno-Amginsky interfluve are presented. On the upper hydrothermal zone of the alas with insufficient moisture and in the middle zone with optimal moisture among mouse-like rodents, the dry-loving species - microtus gregalis Pallas (1778) dominate, and we observe the domination of the moisture-loving species - microtus oeconomus Pallas in the lower zone with excessive moisture (1778). In order to improve the forage base of agricultural animals in the alases, perennial grasses of long-term usage are sown. Plowing of the alas meadows on the upper zone with settled vegetation and in the middle zone with mixed grass and grass vegetation leads to sharp changes in the habitat of microtus gregalis. Burrows and nests of rodents and their fodder base are destroyed as a result of plowing. Animals are forced to make long journeys in search of food, shelters, becoming victims of terrestrial and feathered predators. Excessive moistening of the lower hydrothermal zone of the alas with sedge-marsh vegetation does not allow such works to be carried out, as a result of which the favorite habitats of microtus oeconomus remain untouched by anthropogenic disturbances. The conducted reclamation works: irrigation of the alas meadows, watering of residual lakes with the help of pump stations and application of nitrogen fertilizers, in general, improve the condition of crops of perennial grasses in the upper and middle zones of the alas. The productivity of sedge-marsh vegetation also increases in the lower hydrothermal zone of the alas. The feeding and protective conditions of gray voles improve with the development of crops on perennial grasses. The number of microtus gregalis and microtus oeconomus spikes. In subsequent periods, the yield of perennial herbaceous plants directly depends on the amount of summer precipitation. This affects the state of the voles’ number. Thus, with abundant summer precipitation, the biomass of forage plants increases, which has a beneficial effect on the habitat of dry-loving species - microtus gregalis. At the same time, annual excess summer rainfall does not affect the number of moisture-loving species - microtus oeconomus. Only successive wet years lead to a widespread rise in the number of this vole. During this period, the rhythm of the movement of the gray voles number in the studied alases depends on the biomass and nutritional value of forage grasses, as well as on the alases with natural vegetation.

About the Author

N. P. Prokopiev
M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal Universtity
Russian Federation


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Review

For citations:


Prokopiev N.P. Сrops of Perennial Grasses on Alases of Lena-Amga River Border and their Influence on the Number of Gray Voles. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. 2020;(2):15-22. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25587/SVFU.2020.76.61516

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ISSN 2222-5404 (Print)
ISSN 2587-5620 (Online)