The analysis of literary sources on the number, distribution, peculiarities of phenology and nesting of the Eurasian Linnet Acanthis cannabina in the Cis-Urals, Urals and Trans-Urals is presented. And also - the author's own data collected on this species on the territory of the steppe, forest-steppe and forest zones of the Chelyabinsk region for the period of research from 1996 to 2020, in the Mesyagutov forest-steppe of Bashkortostan - in May 2017. Information on the bio-ecological characteristics of the Eurasian Linnet on the territory of the Chelyabinsk International Airport and the immediate vicinity was collected by the author in the period from November 2019 to October 2020. In addition, unpublished materials on the encounters and nesting biology of the species in the north-east of the Chelyabinsk region provided by taxidermist and amateur ornithologist N. A. Baldin are presented. Analysis of the literature, own data and the data provided by the respondent confirmed the uneven distribution of Acanthis cannabina on the territory of the Chelyabinsk region and adjacent regions, revealed record abundance rates of the species in the territory of the Chelyabinsk airport and its surroundings during the nesting period and post-nesting migrations for the region as a whole. The latter fact can be due to several reasons: a combination of favorable environmental factors (the presence of convenient nesting and feeding sites and a relatively low disturbance factor), the strengthening of the species' position on the eastern periphery of the range, as well as its poor knowledge in the region caused by the lack of interest in it from specialists. For the first time for the Ural region, a description of the linnet nest found on the territory of the airfield and observations of its fate for 28 days is given.

The reduction of biodiversity is considered as one of the most significant problems of our time. One of the reasons for the disappearance of rare plant species is the loss of characteristic habitats. Therefore, to preserve such species, it is necessary to study the ecological and cenotic parameters of typical biotopes throughout the range and identify key factors that limit their distribution. Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Br. (Orchidaceae) - a species with a declining population, included in the Red books of many subjects of the Russian Federation, including the Kirov region. The purpose of this study is to identify phytocenotic parameters and ecological conditions of G. conopsea habitats within the southern taiga fragment of the area (Kirov region). The collection of material is carried out during the vegetation periods of the years 2007-2019 Descriptions of plant communities with G. conopsea were carried out according to generally accepted geobotanical methods. Ecological conditions of habitats were assessed by the composition of species in communities using ten amplitude scales of D. N. Tsyganov. Hemerability is determined by the composition of species in plant communities, in which each species has an individual spectrum of tolerance to anthropogenic factors. It is shown that within the considered fragment of the range, G. conopsea habitats are characterized by a wide range of types: xero-mesophilic meadow communities, forest-meadow-type fringe phytocenoses, and forest communities from Pinus sylvestris. G. conopsea belongs to mesobiont species. The average coefficient of environmental valence is 55%. The species, in the studied phytocenoses, realizes from 3,54 to 52,20% of its potential according to the studied factors. According to climatic factors, the species is hemievribionten (It-0,66). G. conopsea maximizes its potency on the ombroclimatic scale (15,14%). According to all climate scales, the ecological conditions of the studied habitats occupy a Central position from the potentially possible ones. In the generalized spectrum of soil scales, the species appears as a hemistenobiont (It-0,44). For G. conopsea the results obtained allow us to extend the scale of soil acidity by 0,62 steps to the left and the scale of salt regime by 1,07 steps to the right. According to the other scales, the values of the ecological space of G. conopsea in the studied biotopes fit into the ranges given by D. N. Tsyganov for this species. Based on the results of PCA analysis of the studied population and values of edaphic parameters of biotopes, it was found that the determining parameters of the ecoareal for G. conopsea are factors of moisture and soil moisture variability. Plant communities with the participation of G. conopsea is represented mainly by species with high sensitivity to anthropogenic impact. A significant proportion of b-c-p-hemerobes (34,89%) was found in all the studied phytocenoses, which indicates the relative stability of the species.

In the article by A. E. Kulakovsky "Species of animal and plant kingdoms known to the Yakuts", written in 1912 and published in the journal of the Yakut branch of the Russian geographical society "Sakha keskile", four species from the orders amphibians and reptiles were described. In description of the names of each species he gives the geographical points of collection. This information was the first to describe the fauna of these orders. In his work, A. E. Kulakovsky for the first time gives the area of the viper - Vivera berus L., 1758 -, limiting its distribution North to the Sinyaya river. The given Yakut names of a viper - моҕой, эриэн кыыл, эриэн үɵн - are still used at the present time, but the most often - эриэн үɵн. The second species - a viviparous lizard - L. vivipara L. 1758 - was described by A. E. Kulakovsky as a large striped spotted lizard - күлгэри, күлгэли - living in Central Yakutia and in the vicinity of village Abyi. However, to date the range of this species in Yakutia has not been studied enough to the present date. Local Yakut people still often confuses viviparous lizard with siberian salamander. Therefore, the survey data on the distribution of viviparous lizards should be treated with caution. Siberian frog - Rana amurensis Boulenger, 1886 - is given in the work of A. E. Kulakovsky as a grass frog - Rana temporaria L., 1758. This species name was due to the existing classification of amphibians. According to modern taxonomy, the frog that lives East of the Yenisei river belongs to the siberian frog - Rana amurensis. Yakut names of this frog given by A. E. Kulakovsky - баҕа, алчах, сыыллар, дыгысках - apply now. The most widespread name is баҕа. Siberian salamander - Hynobius keiserlingi (Dybowski, 1870) - was described by A. E. Kulakovsky as a lizard - тыймыыт, силис мундута - Salamandrella heyserling L., 1758. Yakut names of siberian salamander - тыймыыт, силис мундута, given by A. E. Kulakovsky, are widely distributed and apply now. The fact that A. E. Kulakovsky attributed siberian salamander to lizards was due to the lack of scientific data on this species of Yakutia. In addition, local people almost do not distinguish between siberian salamander and viviparous lizard. According to A. E. Kulakovsky, siberian salamander lives in Central Yakutia and up to the upper reaches of the Indigirka river. According to modern data, the areal of siberian salamander occupies the entire forest and forest-tundra zones up to 71o North. The sharp-faced frog - Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842 and the far eastern frog - Rana chensinensis David, 1875 are the new species for Yakutia, which began to populate the reservoirs of Southern and South-Western Yakutia at the end of the twentieth century.

Ways to increase the electrical conductivity of graphene and purposefully change their electrical properties are being actively looked for in the world. Substitutional doping is suggested to be the most effective method for modifying the electronic properties of graphene. Among various dopant atoms, nitrogen (N) atoms have gained significant research attention being the nearest neighbors to carbon (C) that provide a strong probability of entering the graphene lattice. The n-type graphene sheets produced by N-doping could be employed for fabrication of complementary devices in future graphene-based electronic circuits. In the framework of a density functional theory, an ab initio calculation of a band structure of single-layer graphene doped by nitrogen atoms was carried out. It is established that structural and electronic properties of such systems are strongly influenced by a dopant concentration and its location in a crystal lattice of graphene. Effects of doping of the graphene monolayer on its electronic spectrum are studied. These results indicate a possibility to regulate a band gap width by an appropriate choice of the dopant concentration and its location in the crystal lattice of grapheme.

This article deals with the infinite forms of the verb of speech ge- ‘speak, say’ in the Buryat language, which are a universal means of inserting predication, and as a result, the basis for the formation of new polypredicative constructions. The purpose of the article is to trace the possibilities of these grammaticalized verb forms in the function of conjunction. The task of the research is seen in the clearing up of the mechanism of formation of new structures of the adverbial type with the help of these conjunctions. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time in Buryat studies, adverbial constructions formed with the help of grammaticalized infinite forms are being investigated. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that these forms from the verb of speech are the basis for the emergence and development of new polypredicative constructions. Traditional methods of primary linguistic observation, scientific description, as well as the method of modeling the structure and semantics of a polypredicative sentence, which allows to represent a set of speech implementations in the form of an abstract sample with a specific structure and semantics, are used in the article. The research material was found from books placed in the Buryat Corpus. In the course of the study, the mechanism of formation of adverbial structures of a new structural type is revealed and demonstrated, and constructions with modified semantics are formed - a modus component is added to the basic adverbial meaning. It has been proved that the conjunction gezhe is involved in the formation as of constructions for operating with information, as of adverbial semantics. It is also shown that all constructions formed with the help of conjunctions from the verb ge- refer to colloquial speech. This work will contribute to the development of further research devoted to the polygrammaticalization of the forms of the verb of speech not only in Buryat, but also in other Mongolian languages.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the anthropobasis of the personal names of the Khori-Buryats of the Tsagan clan, extracted from the revision inventories of the Khorin Steppe Duma of 1831 from the pre-revolutionary fund of the State Archives of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The root basis of the personal names of the Buryats Sab (a) - such historical anthroponyms as (Sharanokhoi) Sabadaev, (Sondor) Sabolokov, son of Sabkho, (Dombo) Sabolokov, Sobanak (Zayatuev), (Malan) Sabdaev, rewritten among the Buryat-foreigners of the Tsagan clan may be associated by linguistic origin with the names of the Turkic-speaking peoples - Siberian Tatars, Bashkirs, Teleuts, Khakass, as well as with proper names recorded in the Old Turkic dictionary. The article discusses one of the meanings of names like Saban and Sabadan suggested by A. G. Mitroshkina from the Mongolian appellative sav “dishes, vessel; Bur. haba “jug; utensils”, offering a different etymological version to explain the meaning of names with the base Sab (a) - among the Buryats, namely with the appellative Sabaa II (obsolete) “joy, care” preserved in the Khakass dictionary. The comparative-historical, comparative and onomastic methods of researching the personal names of the Turkic-speaking peoples made it possible to reject the hypothesis of the nickname nature of names such as Saban, Sabadan in favor of the appellative sabaa recorded in the Khakass-Russian dictionary as the anthropo basis of personal names. Based on the typology of naming principles in the anthroponymy of different peoples, primarily Siberian, we believe that, perhaps, it is this appellative that is the anthropo basis of historical names such as Saban, Sabadan, Sabadaev, Sabolokov, Sabkho, Sabolokov, Sobanak, Sabdaev, recorded in the revisions of the Khorinsk Steppe Duma.

In the article, the author highlights the milestones of the formation and development of Yakut Russian studies on the example of the scientific and pedagogical contribution of associate professor T. A. Shub, who headed the department of language and literature from 1935 to 1943, and was the former dean of the faculty of language and literature of the Yakutsk Pedagogical Institute. The author considers the scientific and pedagogical activity of T. A. Shub from the point of view of developing views on language in the social environment of that time, under the influence of an ideological factor on the evolution of linguistic ideas of T. A. Shub and the state of affairs in Russian Russian studies. The study of the problems of the history of philological science in the field of the Russian language during the reformation and transformation of the 30-40s, the establishment of scientific schools of the department of language and literature under the leadership of T. A. Shub allows us to comprehend existing traditions and introduce new ones into the scientific circulation on the basis of archival and published documents details of his scientific work. Theodor Abramovich’s works formed the main features of further activities in the field of theoretical Russian studies in Yakutia, which were based on the belief that language is a system of functionally interdependent units, implemented in studies on the Old Slavonic language, on the syntax of the Russian language, which he did not understand as a doctrine of the combination of words , but as a science of how to structure speech from words in comparison with other Slavic languages. On the basis of the study of the genesis of the causal union “for”, Shub strove to establish the proper grammatical features of the sentence, its structure and composition. The scientific views of T. A. Shub were embodied in the first university textbooks in the history of Yakut Russian studies and defined their methodology for many years to come, generating interest in the dynamics of linguistic processes, identifying intrasystemic linguistic connections, studying the history of language in connection with the history of the people, and Russian old-timers to dialects in Yakutia. The scientific contribution of the scientist to the formation and development of higher philological education in Yakutia, which began to form an original tradition in the field of studying the Russian language, is analyzed. The absence in modern science of works devoted to the scientific activity of T. A. Shub proves the novelty of the material presented.

The main postulates of Silver age’s poetry "acmeism" is opened as the idea of continuity of cultural and civilization models, the concept of "the Universe spirit and body", of world physiological basis are represented. There is the idea of somatic lexicon as important part of a professional and creative human activity. The conceptual importance of the somatic lexicon as the name of parts of a body is analyzed in A. Ahmatova's masterpieces especially “heart” image. The importance of the analysis and interpretation of this vocabulary is substantiated as a constituent part of the model of a “bodily man”, which reproduces in himself the harmonious state of the surrounding world. Statistical data are interpreted that determine the nature and number of references to the concept “heart” in A. Akhmatova’s poetry, contextual and biographical information is provided that contribute to a more adequate analysis, the main patterns of the frequency of use of this concept are derived. There are revealed the structural models of phrases with “heart”, marked out the most efficient models: verbal and substantive in it’s procedural and quality characteristics; represented semantic groups according the main cultural meaning of “heart” such as place of feelings, thoughts, memory, source of creature. The existence of negative meanings and negative connotations of “heart” such as "heart of stone", "the split heart", "the burned-down heart" are showed, together with image’s death, withering, emotional burning out. There are differentiated the common traditional symbol and individual author’s meanings in analyzed units. There is the hypothesis of the especial meaning of "heart" in poetry by A. Ahmatova as a part of world’s physiological basis; "heart" as the mediator between spiritual and physical Ego; “heart” as a center of influence internal, cognitive activity and external events, the idea of importance the future research of somatic lexicon in A. Ahmatova's masterpiece as a part of anthropocentric model.

The article analyzes the difficulties of translating Japanese historical primary sources into Russian, which differ in their lexical-semantic composition and grammar from modern publicistic and literary texts. Despite the fact that grammatical norms, speech clichés and epistolary expressions of the old-written Japanese language have practically gone out of use, today they can be found in journalism, newspaper articles and literature works. In addition, the ability to understand official correspondence and private letters composed using the epistolary style sorobun 候文 is necessary for Japanese historians and specialists in the field of Japanese literature, since their scientific activities are related to archival and literary sources. The present paper notes that reading and understanding primary sources is complicated by the old-written grammatical norms of epistolary writing, archaisms and lexical units, the meaning of which is not always represented in modern dictionaries. The old spelling of hieroglyphs also causes certain difficulties. The paper shows the main lexical and grammatical characteristics of the Japanese epistolary writing sorobun, which include the hieroglyphic spelling of geographical names, the use of hieroglyphs as official words, extensions and postpositions, as well as the design of the categories of pledges using hieroglyphs. The article pays special attention to the consideration of the translation into Russian of anachronisms, historicisms and lexical units, the meaning of which is not represented in modern dictionaries. The translation and linguoculturological analysis of Japanese historical sources undertaken with the article indicates that one of the main conditions for their correct understanding is knowledge of the grammatical norms of the old-written Japanese language, as well as the ability to recognize the old-written forms of hieroglyphs in the text. The analysis of individual hieroglyphic components and the use of various types of reference books and dictionaries - encyclopedic, explanatory and hieroglyphic - helps to achieve the correct translation into Russian of lexical units, the meaning of which is not represented in modern dictionaries. An important role in the specialist's achievement of a professional detailed translation is played by his background knowledge, which is a collection of information about the cultural and historical realities of the era to which the document belongs.

This article is devoted to the problem of studying the original texts of the classics of Russian philology. It analyzes the style of the textbook of N. F. Koshansky "General Rhetoric" which is a sample of the scientific and pedagogical book of the XIX century (Koshansky wrote the word rhetoric through "e"). The relevance of the topic is due to insufficient knowledge of the works of N. F. Koshansky as a whole and the lack of special studies devoted to the stylistic features of the “General Rhetoric”. Modern researchers, in particular, researchers of rhetoric as a science (Annushkin V. I., Volkov A. A., Rozhdestvensky Yu. V., Khlopnikov A. M. et al.), recognized N. F. Koshansky as a classic, however, at present, the depth and diversity of his works are not sufficiently appreciated. The validity of the textbook in question as a scientific and philological work is obvious: it is unique from the point of view of stylistic and methodological organization (compositional rigor, harmony in the combination of style elements and thoughtful presentation of material, etc.). All this determines the relevance of the investigated problem. The purpose of this study is to identify the features of the scientific style of "General Rhetoric" by N. F. Koshansky. In accordance with the goal, the following main tasks were set and solved: to study the scientific literature on the investigated problem; to analyze the textbook “General Rhetoric” by N. F. Koshansky in terms of usage, morphological and syntactic organization; to analyze visual and expressive means of the textbook; summarize the results. In the course of the work, such methods as analysis, generalization, systematization, and also a descriptive method were used. As the analysis showed, from the point of view of the lexical organization in the textbook, a combination of scientific terminology and emotionally evaluative words is found, the text of the textbook as a whole is characterized by book morphology, rich syntax and a wide variety of visual expressive means. The style of conversation with a respectful and demanding attitude towards the reader, liveliness, emotionality and expressiveness of presentation, harmony in the combination of elements of styles (scientific, artistic and conversational) are the feature of the style of the textbook “General Rhetoric” by N. F. Koshansky. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that the scientific style of the textbook “General Rhetoric” significantly differs from the style of modern textbooks on rhetoric: it combines: firstly, the complexity of the scientific subject that students should master, and the simplicity, laconicism of presentation secondly, a rigorous scientific style and expressive style of fiction, as well as elements of the conversational style. The results of the study can be used as theoretical and practical material on linguistics.

The article examines a publicistic heritage, a life and works of Asklipiodot Afanasyevich Ryazansky (1898-1968), a public figure and a publicist, who emigrated from the Soviet Union in 1923. This article is based on the results of a research expedition to Australia under the"Publicistic heritage of the Yakut intelligentsia" project, conducted by the Department of Journalism, Faculty of Philology, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University. A. A. Ryazansky had lived in Brisbane (Australia) since 1952. The purpose of the expedition was to obtain the A. A. Ryazansky’s personal archives and study the data: documents, photographs and family heirlooms. These archives were transferred to the expedition members by Irene Kelsi, a wife of Yevgeny Ryazansky (1939-2014), the youngest son of A. A. Ryazansky. The article examines several periods of the publicist’s biography according to the new archival materials. The A. A. Ryazansky’s personal archives include 41 items according to a preliminary description: 26 photographs and photocopies, and 9 family heirlooms. The diary entries of A. A. Ryazansky’s memoirs, dated by 1967, are of the utmost interest. This diary has been preserved in three versions. The first version is handwritten. The second and third versions are typed on a typewriter. Only the first page of the third version has survived. These records are briefly analyzed further in the article and reveal some facts of the A. A. Ryazansky’s biography. The importance of his diary entries is unquestionable for the restoration of the stages of the Ryazansky family’s life. Published journalistic and research articles indicate, that A. A. Ryazansky was an inquisitive researcher and analyst. A. A. Ryazansky made a significant contribution to the history of social thought in Yakutia, which was endorsed by found materials.

The article examines the poetics of five selected books of Kalmyk poets published in Elista in 1940-1941, based on the works of Eldi Kekteev, Lidzhi Indzhiev, Basang Dordzhiev and Tseren Ledzhinov. The relevance of the topic of this article is determined by the poor study of the author's book of the poet as a whole in Kalmyk literary criticism, with the exception of several articles by R.M. Khaninova, in which the researcher considered both the titles of books of the 1920-1940ss and the titles of works in these collections, the structure of publications, poetics, genre and problem-thematic complex, stylistic originality, connection with folklore, traditions and innovations. Among such objects are poetry books by N. Mandzhiev, S. Kalyaev, Ts. Ledzhinov, L. Indzhiev, B. Dordzhiev, K. Erendzhenov, D. Kugultinov. The problem of forming a creative individuality on the example of an author's book determined the goal and objectives of this article - to study in the context of time the poetics of poetry collections of E. Kekteev, L. Indzhiev, B. Dordzhiev, Ts. Ledzhinov, published in their native language in the Kalmyk State Publishing House. These are two books by E. Kekteev "Mana tsagin hǝrdnr" (‘Eagles of our time’, 1940), “Tɵrsknǝnn tɵlǝ: Uralan!” (‘For the Motherland forward’, 1941), books by Lidzhi Indzhiev “Bulg” (‘Spring’, 1941), Basang Dordzhiev’s “Shulgud boln Poems” (‘Poems and Poems’, 1941), Tseren Ledzhinov’s “Turskn” (‘Homeland’, 1941). Historical-literary and comparative methods made it possible to draw conclusions about the general orientation of the publications of Kalmyk poets in the patriotic, civic, heroic aspects with the glorification of the country's socialist construction. As a rule, Kalmyk poets relied on the tradition of national versification, used the genres of magtal, goodwill, and folk song. The study of the books of Kalmyk poets of the first half of the last century reveals both the creative individuality of the author and the peculiarities of the development of the literary process of this period. The search for such books, inaccessible for various reasons (the Great Patriotic War, the thirteen-year exile of the Kalmyk people), their inclusion in scientific circulation will help to clarify the literary map of Kalmykia.